acrid

据传大约300年前一位英国化学家冥思苦索，欲找一个能表达bitterly pungent（既苦又辣的）这个意思的词。他最先想到的是acrimonious（辛辣的）和acid（酸苦的）。于是他索性取前者首部和后者尾部缩合成一词，这就是acrid。

词根 ac，acr(o)，acu，acerb，acet 1 = sour 酸 acerbic adj. 尖酸的 acerb 酸 + ic …的 → 尖酸的 acetic adj. 醋的，乙酸的 acet 酸 + ic 某种药 → 醋的，乙酸的 acid adj. 酸的 ac 酸 + id …的 → 酸的 acidify v. 酸化 acid 酸的 + ify …化 → 酸化 acidity n. 酸度，酸性 acid 酸的 + ity 表性质 → 酸度，酸性 acidulous adj. 微酸的 acid 酸的 + ul〔= ule 小…〕+ ous …的 → 微酸的 antacid adj./n. 解酸的（药剂），抗酸的（药剂） ant 抗 + acid 酸的 → 解酸的（药剂），抗酸的（药剂） exacerbate v. 恶化，加剧 ex 使… + acerb 酸 + ate 使… → 使变酸 → 恶化 2 = sharp 尖，锐利 acerbate v. 激怒 acerb 尖，锐利 + ate 使… → 用尖刺 → 激怒 aciform adj. 针状的 aci〔= ac〕尖，锐利 + form 形状 → 针状的 acme n. 顶点，顶峰 acumen的变体 acrid adj. 辛辣的；尖刻的 acr 尖，锐利 + id 有…的性质 → 辛辣的；尖刻的 acrimony n. 刻薄，尖刻 acri〔= acr〕尖，锐利 + mony 表状态 → 刻薄，尖刻 acuity n. 尖锐，敏锐 acu 尖，锐利 + ity 具备某种性质，状况 → 尖锐，敏锐 acumen n. 敏锐，聪明 acu 尖，锐利 + men 表名词 → 敏锐，聪明 acupuncture n. 针灸 acu 尖，锐利 + punct 点 + ure 表行为 → 用尖〔针〕点 → 针灸 acute adj. 尖锐的，敏锐的 acu 尖，锐利 + te → 尖锐的，敏锐的

bitter pungent sour acrid sharp acid These words all describe a strong, unpleasant taste or smell. 以上各词均形容味道或气味强烈、令人不适。 bitter (of a taste or smell) strong and usually unpleasant; (of food or drink) having a bitter taste 指（味道或气味）强烈的、令人不适的，（食物或饮料）味苦的 pungent (of a smell or taste) strong and usually unpleasant; (of food or smoke) having a pungent smell or taste 指（气味或味道）强烈的、令人不适的，（食物）味苦的，（烟）呛人的、刺鼻的： the pungent smell of burning rubber 烧橡胶的刺鼻气味 sour (of a taste) bitter like the taste of a lemon or of fruit that is not ripe; (of food or drink) having a sour taste 指（味道）酸的，（食物或饮料）有酸味的： Too much pulp produces a sour wine. 过多的果肉会让酒变酸。 acrid (of a smell or taste) strong and unpleasant; (of smoke) having an acrid smell 指（气味或味道）刺激的、难闻的，（烟）呛人的、刺鼻的： acrid smoke from burning tyres 燃烧轮胎产生的刺鼻气味 sharp (of a taste or smell) strong and slightly bitter; (of food or drink) having a sharp taste 指（味道或气味）强烈而略苦的、刺鼻的，（食物或饮料）味苦的、辛辣的： The cheese has a distinctively sharp taste. 这奶酪味道很冲。 acid (of a taste or smell) bitter, like the taste of a lemon or of fruit that is not ripe; (of food or drink) having an acid taste 指（味道）酸的，（气味）有刺激性的，（食物或饮料）有酸味的 词语辨析 Bitter , sour , sharp and acid are all used more for tastes. Pungent and acrid are used more for smells. A bitter taste is usually unpleasant, but some people enjoy the bitter flavour of coffee or chocolate. You cannot use any other word to describe this flavour. Sour and acid both describe the taste of a lemon or fruit that is not ripe. Sour is usually a negative term; acid can be negative or simply descriptive. A sharp or pungent flavour is more strong than unpleasant, especially when describing cheese. A pungent smell is usually unpleasant, but some people enjoy the pungent smell of rich, spicy food. An acrid smell is always unpleasant; acrid is not used for the smell of fo