presumption

英[prɪ'zʌmpʃn]美[prɪ'zʌmpʃn]
  • n. 推测；可能性；冒昧；放肆；[法律]推定

    • 记忆方法

    词根词缀法
    pre-前，先+-sumpt-拿，买+-ion=来自presume，假设，假定，-pt，过去分词格。引申词义自以为是，妄自尊大。
      noun(名词)
      1. 推定，推测，假定

    双解例句

    noun(名词)
    1. 推定，推测，假定

      The presumption of innocence is central to American law.

      美国法律的核心是无罪假定。

      There is no scientific evidence to support such presumptions.

      并无科学依据支持这样的推测。

      The decision is based on the presumption that all information must be freely available.

      这个决定是建立在一切信息都必须免费提供这一假定之上的。

    小知识

    The noun presumption pretty much means jumping to conclusions. It is taking something for granted — an idea, an answer, an event — without having any real knowledge about it, and that is usually not a good thing.

    Making a presumption means assuming something is true or false without getting all the information necessary for verification. You can decipher this from the prefix pre, which means “before,” together with the sume — from the Latin sumere, “to take.” Because so many times a presumption turns out to be false, the word has a negative connotation to it; there's something reckless about making up your mind before you know all the facts.

    实用短语

    1. presumption of innocence

      无罪推定原则,无罪推定,原则,无罪假设

    2. presumption of fact

      事实的推定,事实推定,事实之推测,事实的推定英语

    3. rebuttable presumption

      可予驳回的推定,允许反驳的推定,可反驳的推定,可驳回推定

    4. presumption of law

      法律的推定,

    5. presumption of good faith

      善意推定

    6. doctrine of presumption

      过错推定原则

    7. presumption of death

      死亡推定,翻译

    8. presumption of guilt

      有罪推定

    9. conclusive presumption

      绝对推定,结论性的推定,结论性推定,不容反驳的

    常用短语

    1. presumption of innocence

      无罪推定

    单词用法

    词组短语
    presumption of innocence无罪推定；

    词根词缀

    词根: sumpt

    =take,表示”拿,取”

    • adj.

      sumptuous 奢侈的,华丽的

      sumpt拿,取+uous多……的→[把钱]拿出去→奢侈的

    • n.

      assumption 假定,设想;采取;承担;推测;假装

      as加强动作+sumpt拿,取+ion表名词→拿住→认为是……[假定]

      consumption 消费, 消费量

      con共同+sumpt拿,取+ion表名词→全拿完→消耗

      presumption 假定,冒昧

      pre预先+sumpt拿,取+ion表名词→预先拿→假定

    同义词辨析

    hypothesis, assumption, presumption, supposition

    这些名词均有”假设，假想”之意。

    • hypothesis： 书面用词，指有待作进一步检验或证实的假设。
    • assumption： 侧重主观推测或主观设想。
    • presumption： 着重指以可能性为依据的假设。
    • supposition可与assumption换用，还可表某种试探性的主观看法或建议。

    同义词

    license  /  haste  /  confidence  /  abstraction  /  conclusion  /  freedom  /  expectation  /  speculation

    同根词

    词根：presume

    adj.

    presumptuous专横的；放肆的；冒昧的

    presumable可能有的；可推测的

    presumptive假定的；根据推定的

    adv.

    presumably大概；推测起来；可假定

    presumptuously放肆地

    vi.

    presume相信；擅自行为

    vt.

    presume假定；推测；擅自；意味着