[faɪl][faɪl]
  • n. 档案;卷宗;文件;锉刀,指甲锉
  • vt. 把 … 归档;提出(申请书、议案等)
  • 双解例句

    noun(名词)
    1. [ C or U ] (尤指办公室的)文件箱,文件夹,卷宗

      a box/envelope file

      文件箱/袋

      secret/confidential/personnel files

      秘密/机密/人事档案

      You'll find it in the files under “C”.

      你会在标着C字母的文件夹里找到它。

      We keep your records on file for five years.

      我们把你的记录归档保存5年。

    2. [ C ] 档案

      The police have opened a file on local burglaries.

      警方已给当地的入室行窃案设立了档案。

    3. [ C ] (计算机的)文件,文档

      What's the file name?

      文件名是什么?

      I'm going to copy/save this file.

      我打算复制/保存这个文件。

    4. [ C or U ] 排成一行的人(或动物)

      They were horrified to see files of ants marching through the kitchen.

      他们惊恐地发现一队队蚂蚁正在穿过厨房。

      They walked in (single) file (= one behind another).

      他们成(一列)纵队前进。

    5. [ C ] 锉;锉刀
    verb(动词)
    1. [ T ] 把…归档

      We file these reports (= put them in a file) under country of origin.

      我们把这些报告按原产国分类归档。

    2. [ T ] (尤指在法庭)提起(诉讼)

      The police filed charges against the two suspects.

      警方对两名嫌疑犯提起了诉讼。

    3. [ T ] 发送(报道)

      Our foreign correspondent filed this report earlier today.

      我们的驻外记者今天早些时候发来了这篇报道。

    4. [ I usually + adv/prep ] 排成纵队行进

      The visitors filed through the entrance to the ticket offices.

      参观者们排队通过入口走向售票处。

    5. [ I + adv/prep, T ] 锉平;锉光滑;锉去

      File (down) the sharp edges.

      把锋利的边缘锉平。

      The surface had been filed smooth.

      表面已被锉光滑了。

      She filed her nails.

      她锉平了指甲。

    小知识

    To file is to submit an application or a record to some official authority, like a court, police station, or city hall. You might file a complaint against your neighbor after he shovels the snow from his driveway into yours.

    People file for divorce, file for bankruptcy, and file charges against criminals. You can also file a receipt or a record at home, by putting it in a file folder and then sliding the folder into a file cabinet. When you stand “single file,” you're in a line or queue, and if the group moves a few steps, you can say it files forward.

    实用短语

    1. file system

    2. text file

    3. file format

      文件格式,档案格式,文档格式,图片文件格式

    4. binary file

    5. data file

    6. file server

      文件服务器,档案服务器,文件服务程序

    7. file attribute

    8. file sharing

      文件共享,文件分享,文件同享

    9. header file

      头文件,标头档,表头档,页眉文件

    常用短语

    1. file in

      陆续编入;编入档内

    2. on file

      存档;记录下来备查

    3. file system

      [计]文件系统

    4. in file

      依次;鱼贯;成二列纵队

    5. file name

      文件名;档案名

    6. file management

      [计]文件管理

    7. file format

      [计]文件格式

    8. text file

      [计]文本文件

    9. file transfer

      文件传输;经由网路将档案由一电脑复制至另一台电脑

    10. data file

      数据文件

    11. file size

      文件大小;档案大小

    12. image file

      影像档案,图象档案

    13. source file

      [计]源文件

    14. log file

      日志文件

    15. file sharing

      [计]文件共享

    16. executable file

      可执行文件

    17. single file

      n. 单行;一列纵队

    18. file into

      鱼贯而入,排队进去

    19. output file

      输出文件

    20. open file

      打开文件;开启档案;非机密档案

    词根词缀

    词根: fil

    1. =thread,表示”线条”; 2. =to fill,表示”填满,充满,注满”

    • adj.

      filar 丝的, 丝状的

      fil线条+ar……的→adj.丝的, 丝状的

    • n.

      filament 细丝;长丝;灯丝

      fila=fil线条+ment物→n.细丝;长丝;灯丝

      file 锉刀;文件,档案

      fil线条+e→用线穿成的一叠纸→档案

      profile 侧面像;轮廓

      pro前面+fil线条+e→前面的线条

    • v.

      file

      fil线条+e→用线穿成的一叠纸→档案

      fulfill 履行,实现

      fulfil[v.履行,实现,完成[计划等]]→v.履行,实现

    同义词辨析

    row, queue, line, rank, file

    这些名词均含”列,队,排”之意。

    • row: 指单独的一列,也可指平行的数行中的一行,而不论是横或纵。
    • queue: 指人们为做某事而有顺序排成的队,在等的过程中不断向前移动。
    • line: 指人或物排成的行列。
    • rank和file常为军事用语,前者指肩并肩排列整齐的士兵横排,后者指纵队。

    同义词

    categorize  /  edge  /  grind  /  sand  /  sort  /  smooth  /  classify  /  group  /  sharpen  /  parade  /  march  /  catalog  /  store

    反义词

    同根词

    词根:file

    n.

    filing文件归档;锉;锉屑

    filer锉磨工人;文件编档员;文件装钉员

    vt.

    filing锉(file的现在分词)