[tʃɑːdʒ][tʃɑːrdʒ]
  • n. 责任;电荷;指控;费用;照顾
  • vi. 要价;充电;向前冲,冲锋;记在账上
  • vt. 控诉;赊帐;给…充电;委以重任;归罪于;装填(炸药等)
  • 记忆方法

    词源记忆法
    来源于拉丁语中名词carr.us(有轮子的车)派生的动词carricare(装载),经由古法语charge(负载)进入英语。charge的原义是“装载,加担子”,它的大部分现代意义皆引申于此。例如“索价,要…支付”,使人负担费用,就是给人“加担子”;“控告,指控”,使人负有罪名,也是给人“加担子”;而“充电”,是在给电池“装载”电荷。-carr-装载→charge装载
      verb(动词)
      1. [ T or I ] (尤指对某一服务或活动)收费,要价,开价
      2. 把…记在…的账上
      3. [ T ] (警方)指控,控告
      4. 公开指责;批评,斥责
      5. [ I or T ] 猛冲;向…冲去
      6. [ I + adv/prep ] (从一处)匆忙赶往(另一处)
      7. [ T ] 装满(弹药)
      8. [ T often passive ] 指示,吩咐;命令
      9. [ T ] (法官)向(陪审团)解释法律细节
      10. [ I or T ] 充电
      noun(名词)
      1. [ C or U ] (尤指某一活动或服务的)收费,费用,价格
      2. [ C ] (警方的)指控,控告
      3. [ C ] 指责;批评,斥责
      4. 负责管理,负责掌管
      5. [ U ] 主管;照管;责任
      6. [ C ] 被照管的人(尤指小孩)
      7. [ C ] (一定量的)炸药;弹药
      8. [ C ] 猛攻;冲锋
      9. [ C ] 指示,吩咐;命令
      10. [ C usually singular ] (电器的)储电量;电荷
      11. 处于充电状态

    双解例句

    verb(动词)
    1. [ T or I ] (尤指对某一服务或活动)收费,要价,开价

      How much/What do you charge for a haircut and blow-dry?

      剪发和吹风要收多少钱?

      The bank charged commission to change my traveller's cheques.

      银行兑现我的旅行支票收取了手续费。

      They charge you $20 just to get in the nightclub.

      进夜总会的门他们就收你20美元。

      The local museum doesn't charge for admission.

      当地博物馆不收门票费。

    2. 把…记在…的账上

      Charge the bill to my account, please.

      请把账单记在我账上。

      Shall we charge the flowers to your account?

      我们把买花的钱记到你的账上,行吗?

    3. [ T ] (警方)指控,控告

      She's been charged with murder.

      她被控谋杀。

      She is charged with murdering her husband.

      她被指控谋害了自己的丈夫。

    4. 公开指责;批评,斥责

      The paper charged her with using the company's money for her own purposes.

      报纸指责她把公司的钱挪作己用。

    5. [ I or T ] 猛冲;向…冲去

      The bull lowered its horns and charged.

      公牛俯下牛角发动进攻。

      The violence began when the police charged (at) a crowd of demonstrators.

      当警察冲向一群示威者时,暴力冲突开始了。

    6. [ I + adv/prep ] (从一处)匆忙赶往(另一处)

      I've been charging about/around all day and I'm exhausted.

      我一整天跑来跑去,累坏了。

      He came charging up the stairs to tell me the good news.

      他匆匆跑上楼来告诉我这个好消息。

    7. [ T ] 装满(弹药)
    8. [ T often passive ] 指示,吩咐;命令

      He was charged with taking care of the premises.

      他被吩咐去看管那些房屋。

    9. [ T ] (法官)向(陪审团)解释法律细节
    10. [ I or T ] 充电

      She drove the car round the block to charge (up) its batteries.

      为了给电池充电她开车围着街区转。

      It's not working – I don't think the battery is charging.

      不行呀——我觉得电池没有在充电。

    noun(名词)
    1. [ C or U ] (尤指某一活动或服务的)收费,费用,价格

      Is there a charge for children or do they go free?

      小孩要收费还是免费?

      There's an admission charge of £5.

      要收5英镑的入场费。

      They fixed my watch free of charge.

      他们免费修好了我的手表。

    2. [ C ] (警方的)指控,控告

      The 19-year-old will be appearing in court on Thursday where she will face criminal charges.

      这位19岁的少女将于周四出庭,她将面临刑事指控。

      He has been arrested on a charge of murder.

      他因被控谋杀而遭逮捕。

      The police brought a charge of theft against him.

      警方指控他犯了盗窃罪。

      The police have had to drop (= stop) charges against her because they couldn't find any evidence.

      警方因为找不到任何证据不得不撤销了对她的指控。

      He claimed he had been arrested on a trumped-up (= false) charge.

      他声称自己是受诬告而被捕的。

    3. [ C ] 指责;批评,斥责

      The president responded angrily to the charge that she had lost touch with her country's people.

      有指责说总统和自己的国民失去了联系,对此她做出了愤怒的回应。

      Her refusal to condemn the violence laid/left her open to the charge of positive support for the campaign (= allowed people to say that she supported it).

      她拒绝谴责暴力,这很容易给人留下她支持那场运动的口实。

    4. 负责管理,负责掌管

      Who will be in charge of the department when Sophie leaves?

      索菲离开后,谁来管理这个部门?

      I left Jack in charge of the suitcases while I went to get the tickets.

      我去买票时让杰克看着箱子。

    5. [ U ] 主管;照管;责任

      Her ex-husband has charge of the children during the week and she has them at the weekend.

      她的前夫在工作日照看孩子,她则在周末照顾孩子。

      His boss asked him to take charge of the office for a few days while she was away.

      老板让他在她离开的这段时间负责办公室工作。

    6. [ C ] 被照管的人(尤指小孩)
    7. [ C ] (一定量的)炸药;弹药
    8. [ C ] 猛攻;冲锋

      a charge of buffalo/elephants

      野牛/大象的猛冲

      a police charge

      警方的突然袭击

    9. [ C ] 指示,吩咐;命令
    10. [ C usually singular ] (电器的)储电量;电荷
    11. 处于充电状态

      Is it all right to leave/put the battery on charge overnight?

      让电池充一夜电可以吗?

    小知识

    Charge can mean electricity received, as in the shock you’d feel if you put your finger in a wall socket. Charge is also what you do when you use your credit card instead of cash. Shopping can be electrifying too.

    Charge has many meanings. Charge is what a cavalry does when it rushes towards enemy lines. A charge is also the cost of something. When you are “in charge,” it means that you are in command of everything. And when you are “in charge of,” it means that you have a specific responsibility. And when you are excited about something, you “get a charge out of it.” If you like power, you might get a charge out of being in charge.

    单词用法

    词语辨析
    charge,accuse
    这组词都有“控告,控诉;指责”的意思。其区别是:
    1.accuse使用范围较广,主要用于一般的指责,也可用于法律上的正式控告;charge比accuse正式,通常指在法庭上依法控告,也可以引申地使用于指责某人违反公认的行为准则。
    2.charge所指控的内容比accuse更严重。
    3.accuse后一般接of,而charge后一般接with。

    charge,assault,attack,beset
    这组词都有“攻击”的意思。其区别是:
    1.attack是表示“攻击”的普通用语,通常用于事前无警告甚至是无理由的攻击。例如:The army attacked at night when the enemy was asleep.在夜间敌人熟睡时军队发起了攻击。Hong Kong had been attacked by Japan at nearly the same moment as Pearl Harbour.香港是差不多和珍珠港同时受到日本袭击的。
    2.assault指在愤怒中以暴力突然袭击对方,攻打者和被攻打者彼此能接触到。例如:The minister was assaulted by a barrage of abuse from the angry strikers.这位部长遭到愤怒的罢工者的一阵辱骂。
    3.charge主要指对一个固定目标进行的突然而猛烈地攻击,尤指骑兵的突击,常用于战斗或运动竞赛中。例如:The wounded lion suddenly charged at me.受伤的狮子突然向我冲了过来。Our soldiers charged the enemy.我们的士兵向敌人冲击。Our football players charged again and again.我们的足球队员一次又一次地向对方球门进攻。
    4.beset多指在思想上受到合围的攻击。例如:I was beset by doubts.我疑虑重重。
    重要短语
    in charge负责,主管;在…看管下
    in charge of负责;主管
    charge of负责;管理
    free of charge免费

    词根词缀

    词根: charge

    =load,表示”装载,负担”

    • n.

      charge 负荷,电荷,费用,

      charge装载,负担→n.负荷,电荷,费用,v.装满,控诉, 责令,收费

      discharge 卸货, 流出, 放电

      dis去掉+charge负荷,电荷,费用→v.卸货, 流注 n.卸货, 流出, 放电

    • v.

      charge 装满,控诉, 责令,收费

      charge装载,负担→n.负荷,电荷,费用,v.装满,控诉, 责令,收费

      discharge 卸货, 流注

      dis去掉+charge负荷,电荷,费用→v.卸货, 流注 n.卸货, 流出, 放电

    同义词辨析

    accuse, charge

    这两个动词均有”指控,谴责”之意。

    • accuse:普通用词,正式或非正式场合,私人或法律上均可用。被指控的情节可轻可重。常与of连用。
    • charge:常与accuse换用,但charge多指较严重的错误或罪行,而且往往向法庭提出正式起诉。
    charge, price, fee, fare, cost, expense

    这些名词均有”价格,费用”之意。

    • charge: 指提供服务时索取的费用,也指货物的价格、价钱。
    • price: 指商品在市场出售的价格,尤指卖方对商品所提出的单价。比喻意义指付出的代价。
    • fee: 指上学、求医以及找律师等付的费用,还可指会费、借书费等。
    • fare: 侧重指旅行时所付的车、船费等费用。
    • cost: 指生产某东西的成本,也泛指商品的价格,可与price换用。
    • expense: 常指实际支付的费用总数额,有时也指钱的花费。

    同义词

    vt.向…冲去,袭击

    attack  /  at  /  rush

    vt.命令;委以责任

    bid  /  direct  /  order  /  command

    vt.控告,指控;指责

    blame  /  accuse  /  impeach  /  complain  /  denounce  /  indict

    vt.索价

    a  /  as  /  ask  /  rate  /  price

    vt.装满;填满

    fill  /  stuff  /  load

    其他释义

    besiege  /  offensive  /  government  /  electrify  /  bid  /  protection  /  impute  /  stuff  /  weight  /  fill  /  responsibility  /  figure  /  onslaught  /  storm  /  indict  /  blame  /  security  /  invoice  /  expenditure  /  rush  /  cost  /  complain  /  admission  /  payment  /  oppression  /  impeach  /  rate  /  load  /  commission  /  thing  /  mission  /  order  /  direct  /  obligation  /  fare  /  denounce  /  at  /  quotation  /  conservation  /  authority  /  assault  /  offense  /  thesis  /  accusation  /  duty  /  requirement  /  onset  /  complaint  /  price  /  expense  /  attack  /  command  /  direction  /  explosive  /  accuse  /  fee  /  care  /  dictation  /  impose

    反义词

    vt.控告;委以责任;充电

    discharge

    其他释义

    defend  /  discharge

    同根词

    词根:charge

    adj.

    chargeable应支付的;可以控诉的;可充电的;应课税的

    n.

    charger充电器;军马;袭击者;委托者;控诉者